Artificial Intelligence in Video Forensics: Potential, Pitfalls, and Legal Implications

The rapid rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping many aspects of forensic imaging and video analysis, offering new capabilities while simultaneously raising complex scientific and legal questions. As AI-driven tools become more accessible and more deeply embedded in investigative workflows, it is increasingly important for forensic professionals to understand not only what these systems can do, but also how their limitations and underlying assumptions may influence the interpretation of visual evidence. This session provides a broad, balanced examination of AI’s evolving role in forensic video work and the implications for both practitioners and the justice system.

We will begin by outlining the general ways AI technologies are being integrated into the examination of photo and video material, noting the potential benefits these tools can provide in terms of efficiency, pattern recognition, and analytical support. At the same time, we will explore the overarching challenges AI introduces—such as issues of transparency, reproducibility, algorithmic bias, and the risk of misinterpretation when automated outputs are not fully understood. Rather than focusing on specific technical methods, we will highlight the conceptual considerations that should guide responsible use and the types of questions practitioners should be asking when relying on AI-assisted processes.

The session will further address the broader investigative and judicial context surrounding AI-derived results. As legal standards continue to evolve, courts are increasingly tasked with determining the reliability and admissibility of evidence produced or influenced by AI systems. We will examine the themes emerging from recent legal discussions and outline general principles that can help ensure that AI use remains consistent with established scientific practices and evidentiary requirements.